专升本英语阅读理解练习(5.18)

　　Are some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.

　　It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people is, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.

　　Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in their intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.

　　问题：

　　1.If a child is born with low intelligence, he can_______.

　　A.not reach his intelligence limits in his life

　　B.go beyond his intelligence limits in rich surroundings

　　C.still become a genius if he should be given special education

　　D.become a genius

　　【参考答案】B

　　[考点]推理判断题

　　【精析】B 题干的大意是：如果一个孩子出生时是低智商，他能。本题可用排除法。根据第一段第四句“To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence.”可知，选项C、D不正确。根据第一段倒数第二句“Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.”可知，一个人会不会达到其智商的限度将取决于所处环境，A项不正确，所以选B项。

　　2. “If we take two unrelated people at random from the population”(Para. 2) means if we_________.

　　A.choose two persons with different intelligence

　　B.choose two persons who are relative

　　C.take out two persons of close relationship

　　D.pick any two persons

　　【参考答案】D

　　[考点]词语理解题

　　【精析】D 题干的大意是：“如果我们从人群中随意找两个毫无关系的人”的意思是。理解这句话的意思关键在于理解句中两个重要的单词unrelated(无亲戚关系的)和random(任意的)，这里指随机挑选任何两个人，所以选D项。

　　3. The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately shows______.

　　A.the part that birth plays

　　B.the importance of their positions

　　C.the role of environment in intelligence

　　D.the importance of their intelligence

　　【参考答案】C

　　[考点]推理判断题

　　【精析】C 题干的大意是：把双胞胎分别放在大学和工厂两个不同的环境生活的例子，说明了。文中第三段举了一个双胞胎的例子，为了说明环境对人的智商起着非常重要的作用，所以选C项。

　　4. The writer is in favor of the view that man's intelligence is given to him_______.

　　A.neither at birth nor through education

　　B.both at birth and through education

　　C.through education

　　D.at birth

　　【参考答案】B

　　[考点]推理判断题

　　【精析】B 题干的大意是：作者赞同的观点是人的智商的形成是由。文章第二段阐述了遗传对智商的影响。第三段通过把双胞胎分别放在大学和工厂两个不同环境的例子说明了环境在智商形成中的作用，所以人的智商受到遗传和环境的影响。故选B。

　　5.The best title of this passage can be_______.

　　A.Effect of Education

　　B.Dependence on Environment

　　C.Intelligence

　　D.Surroundings

　　【参考答案】C

　　[考点]主旨大意题

　　【精析】C 题干的大意是：这篇文章的最佳题目是。通过对69题的分析可知，文章讨论的中心话题是“智商”，所以选C项。