2022河南专升本英语阅读理解模拟题(8.11)

　　阅读理解：

　　What you've always heard? We're eating way too much salt. The average American gets about 3.4 grams of sodium every day, far more than the upper limit of 2.3 grams recommended by the USDA. The Institute of Medicine estimates that reducing sodium intake nationwide could prevent 100,000 deaths every year.

　　The headlines now? It's time to get tough. The New York city health department recently kicked off a national effort to cut the amount of salt in packaged and restaurant food by 25 percent over five years. Eighty percent of the salt in the average person's diet comes from those sources, not from the saltshaker.

　　But wait! The benefits of salt reduction are surprisingly murky. At least 13 studies have tried to tease out what happens to people who choose to eat salty or not-so-salty food—and the results have pointed in every direction. Some studies suggest that cutting salt protects the heart; others suggest that intense salt reduction can actually increase heart problems. What's needed, Dr. Michael Alderman says, is a randomized, controlled trial, in which people are put on different diets and followed for years. It's the only way to get a reliable answer, but it's never been done.

　　So what should you do? Go easy on processed foods and eat more produce. Those changes will improve your diet in a variety of ways and cut the amount of sodium you consume. If your blood pressure is high, work with your doctor to control it with drugs and lifestyle changes. If your blood pressure is healthy? At this point, there's no convincing reason for you to count every grain.

　　问题：

　　1.It is stated in Paragraph 1 that our sodium intake .

　　A.is within the healthy range

　　B.is a bit over the upper limit

　　C.is well below the lower limit

　　D.is far beyond what is necessary

　　【参考答案】D

　　[考点]事实细节题【精析】D 根据第一段第二、三句“We're eating way too much salt…far more than the upper limit of…”可知，钠的摄入量远远超出了我们身体的需求。故选D。

　　2.The main sources of salt in our diet are .

　　A.Home-made food and packaged food

　　B.restaurant food and saltshakers

　　C.restaurant food and packaged food

　　D.Home-made food and saltshakers

　　【参考答案】C

　　[考点]事实细节题【精析】C 根据第二段第三、四句“…to cut the amount of salt in packaged and restaurant food…Eighty percent of the salt in the average person's diet comes from those sources…”可知，在我们的饮食中盐的主要来源是包装食品和餐馆的食物。故选C。

　　3.What does the word “murky” (Para. 3) probably mean?

　　A.Significant.

　　B.Unclear.

　　C.Obvious.

　　D.Exaggerated.

　　【参考答案】B

　　[考点]词语理解题

　　【精析】B 根据第三段第三句“At least 13 studies have tried to…and the results have pointed in every direction.”可知，降低食盐的摄入量的益处并不确定。由此可知，murky表示“含糊的，不确定的”的意思。significant:重大的,重要的,有意义的;unclear:不清楚的,不确定的;obvious:明显的,显著的;exaggerated:夸张的，言过其实的。故选B。

　　4.What does Dr. Michael Alderman say about a randomized, controlled trial?

　　A.It should be carried out.

　　B.It has been successfully conducted.

　　C.It is already under way.

　　D.It is too late to try it.

　　【参考答案】A

　　[考点]推理判断题

　　【精析】A 根据第三段倒数第一、二句“What's needed, Dr. Michael Alderman…in which people are put on different diets and followed for years. It's the only way to get a reliable answer…”可知，米歇尔·阿尔德曼博士所说的随机对照试验是可以得出可靠答案的唯一方法，但这一试验从未被执行。由此可推知，他认为这一实验应该被执行。故选A。

　　5.As stated in the last paragraph, people with normal blood pressure .

　　A.should consider a change of their lifestyle

　　B.have every reason to be careful about sodium

　　C.do not have to take sodium too seriously

　　D.will not be affected by the amount of sodium taken

　　【参考答案】C

　　[考点]事实细节题

　　【精析】C 根据第四段最后两句“If your blood pressure is healthy? At this point, there's no convincing reason for you to count every grain.”可知，如果血压正常的话，就没有必要过于在意钠的摄入量。故选C。