每日一练，专升本英语阅读理解练习(11.28)

　　Lightning is shocking， and it happens all over the world! Scientists think that there are more than three million lightning strikes every day in the world—that's over thirty strikes every second.

　　Lightning can also be very dangerous. Every year， lightning kills people because it can start big fires or because it reaches temperatures up to 28.000 degrees centigrade. An American, Roy Sullivan， who worked in a park， holds the record for surviving the most lightning strikes. Between 1942 and 1983. he was hit seven times!

　　So， why do lightning strikes happen? Lightning strikes happen when ice and water in clouds rub(摩擦) together， and cause atmospheric(大气层的) changes. When this happens， it creates a static charge(静电荷). Lightning strikes can happen inside the cloud， between two clouds and between a cloud and the earth. It's the last type of strike that is the most dangerous for humans. About 1000 people get struck by lightning every year in the United States， and about 100 of them die of it.

　　Lightning is certainly not something to toy with. When lightning strikes happen， it's best to stay inside a large building. To stay safe， do not stand under trees， on hills or near water. Trees attract lightning. Also， do not lie down on the ground， otherwise the electricity may go through you and cause a heart disease.

　　问题：

　　1.Lightning strikes _____ .

　　A.happen three billion times each day

　　B.will start when there are big fires

　　C.can reach very high temperatures

　　D.kill all those who work in a park

　　【参考答案】C

　　[考点]事实细节题

　　【精析】C 根据第二段第二句“Every year， lightning kills people because it can start big fires or because it reaches temperatures up to 28.000 degrees centigrade.”可知，闪电的温度高达28.000摄氏度，即雷击能达到非常高的温度。故选C。

　　2.We can infer from Paragraph 3 that  _____ .

　　A.lightning strikes are caused whenever ice and water meet

　　B.lightning between two clouds is the most dangerous for humans

　　C.lightning strikes create static charges

　　D.about one tenth of the people struck by lightning die every year in America

　　【参考答案】D

　　[考点]推理判断题

　　【精析】D根据第三段第二句“Lightning strikes happen when ice and water in clouds rub together， and cause atmospheric changes.”可知，只有当云层中的冰和水在一起摩擦，并导致大气层变化时，才会发生雷击，所以A项错误;根据第三段第四、五句“Lightning strikes can happen inside the cloud， between two clouds and between a cloud and the earth. It's the last type of strike that is the most dangerous for humans.”可知，雷击会发生在云层内部，也会发生在云与云之间，还会发生在云层与地面之间，正是最后一种雷击对人最危险，所以B项错误;根据第三段第三句“When this happens， it creates a static charge.”可知，雷击会产生静电荷，这是文中直接给出的信息，并不是推断出来的内容，所以C项不符合题意;根据第三段最后一句“About 1000 people get struck by lightning every year in the United States， and about 100 of them die of it.”可知，在美国，每年大约有1000人被闪电击中，其中大约100人因此死亡，由此可推知，在美国每年受到雷击的人中大约有十分之一因此而死。故选D。

　　3.The phrase “to toy with” in the last paragraph can be replaced by " _____ "

　　A.to play with

　　B.to make a fool of

　　C.to show off

　　D.to go after

　　【参考答案】A

　　[考点]词语理解题

　　【精析】A根据最后一段内容可知，雷击会对生命造成威胁，为了安全，应躲避闪电。由此可推知，闪电不是可以摆弄的东西，to toy with意为“玩耍，摆弄”。A项(玩耍)与to toy with的意思最接近。make a fool of：愚弄;show off：卖弄，炫耀;go after：追赶，谋求。故选A。

　　4. Where's the best place to be when lightning strikes happen?

　　A.On the top of a hill.

　　B.In a swimming pool.

　　C.Under a tree.

　　D.Inside a building.

　　【参考答案】D

　　[考点]事实细节题

　　【精析】D根据最后一段第二、三句“When lightning strikes happen， it's best to stay inside a large building. To stay safe， do not stand under trees， on hills or near water.”可知，发生雷击时，最好待在大楼里，为了保持安全，不要站在树下、山上和水边。故选D。

　　5.Where can we most probably find this passage?

　　A.In a novel.

　　B.In a guidebook.

　　C.In a magazine.

　　D.In a dictionary.

　　【参考答案】C

　　[考点]推理判断题

　　【精析】C通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了关于雷击的一些科普知识。由此可推知，本文最可能出现在一本杂志中。in a novel：在一本小说中;in a guidebook：在一本旅游指南中;in a magazine：在一本杂志中;in a dictionary：在一本字典中。故选C。